XENON
NOBLE GAS
| Atomic number: | 54 |
| Group numbers: | 18 |
| Period: | 5 |
| Electronic configuration: | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6 |
| Formal oxidation number: | 0 |
| Electronegativities: | 2.6 |
| Atomic radius / pm: | 216 |
| Relative atomic mass: | 131.293(6) |
Xenon was discovered by Sir William Ramsay and Morris William Travers (GB) in 1898. The origin of the name comes from the Greek word xenos meaning stranger. It is a heavy, colourless, odourless, noble gas that reacts only with fluorine. Xenon is obtain from the small quantities in liquid air. It is used for filling flash lamps and other powerful lamps. Electrical excitation of xenon produces a burst of brilliant white light. It is also used in bubble chambers and modern nuclear power reactors. The price of 99.995 % pure xenon gas costs 266.50 €/dm3 in small quantities (1 dm3) and about 10.62 €/dm3 in large quantities (300 dm3).
| Density / g dm-3: | 3540 | (solid, m.p.) |
| 2939 | (liquid, b.p.) | |
| 5.8971 | (gas, 273 K) | |
| Molar volume / cm3mol-1: | 37.09 | (solid, m.p.) |
| 44.67 | (liquid, b.p.) | |
| 22263.99 | (gas, 273 K) | |
| Electrical resistivity / µΩcm: | - | (20 °C) |
| Thermal conductivity / W m-1K-1: | 0.0056 |
| Melting point / °C: | -111.75 |
| Boiling point / °C: | -108.0 |
| Heat of fusion / kJ mol-1: | 3.1 |
| Heat of vaporization / kJ mol-1: | 12.65 |
| Heat of atomization / kJ mol-1: | 0 |
| First ionization energy / kJ mol-1: | 1170.36 |
| Second ionization energy / kJ mol-1: | 2046.45 |
| Third ionization energy / kJ mol-1: | 3099.42 |
| in the atmosphere / ppm: | 0.086 |
| in the Earth's crust / ppm: | 0.000002 |
| in the oceans / ppm: | 0.000047 |
| Crystal structure: | face-centered cubic |
| Unit-cell dimensions / pm: | a=619.7 |
| Space group: | Fm3m |
| Isotope | Relative atomic mass | Mass percent (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 124Xe | 123.905896(2) | 0.10(1) |
| 126Xe | 125.904269(7) | 0.09(1) |
| 128Xe | 127.903530(2) | 1.91(3) |
| 129Xe | 128.9047794(9) | 26.4(6) |
| 130Xe | 129.903508(1) | 4.1(1) |
| 131Xe | 130.905082(1) | 21.2(4) |
| 132Xe | 131.904154(1) | 26.9(5) |
| 134Xe | 133.9053945(9) | 10.4(2) |
| 136Xe | 135.907220(8) | 8.9(1) |
| Balanced half-reaction | Eo / V | |
|---|---|---|
| 53 Iodine | ← | 54 Xenon | → | 55 Caesium |
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Xenon." EniG. Periodic Table of the Elements. KTF-Split, 18 Jan. 2024. Web. {Date of access}. <https://www.periodni.com/xe.html>.
